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Eric Fry, offering
a wild guess about the oil market…
As the price of crude oil
continues its death spiral, forward-looking investors have every reason
to scratch their heads in amazement. The oil market seems to be pricing
in a global economic condition that would be even more dire than a
second Great Depression. $35 oil seems to imply that mankind will resume
its reliance on ancient energy sources like whale oil, tallow and cow
dung.
Maybe so…but we doubt it.
Late last year, the
International Energy Agency (IEA) released its World Energy Outlook
2008, which presents a thorough field-by-field analysis of production
trends at the world's 800 largest oil fields. This comprehensive study
suggests that the oil price is much more likely to rise than fall over
the next few years.
The IEA stops short of
promoting that "Peak Oil" theory that the planet is running out of
hydrocarbons. But the Agency does point out that output from the world's
major oil fields is declining much faster than previously believed.
As our learned colleague,
Chris Mayer, observes, "The IEA's findings state that without additional
investment to raise production, output will decline 9.1% annually.
Everyone knows that oil production is on a treadmill, on which aging
fields produce less oil over time. But that decline rate was faster than
previously thought. Even with investment, the annual decline rate is
6.4% per year. These are big annual declines in a market that already
wobbles along a knife's edge of supply and demand.
"Demand probably will
continue to taper off as we get into this recession/depression," says
Chris. "But supply is falling also, and it's not as if there is a lot of
unsold oil lying around. The Economist reports 'Official oil stocks [or
inventories] are well below their average of the past five years.' And
let's not forget that most of the world's oil reserves are in the hands
of capricious or unstable governments."
These various factors
inspire your Rude Awakening editors to offer up a prediction (or what we
like to call "a wild guess"): $100 crude before $20 crude.
Oil's spectacular collapse
from $147 a barrel to $35 may say a lot about what is happening in the
global economy at the moment. But today's depressed oil price says
absolutely nothing about what will happen next. Specifically, today's
oil price doesn't know squat about what will happen to global demand for
crude, nor what will happen to global supplies.
Your editors don't know
squat about future supply/demand trends either. But we would argue,
nevertheless, that an utterly clueless investor is better off on the
long side of the oil market than on the short side of it.
Isn't that right, Byron?
C'mon, back us up…
--- Byron King's
Energy & Scarcity Investor ---
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-----------------------------------------
The Oil Glut of
2009…and Why it Won't Last
By Byron King
The current oil price
contains absolutely no risk premium. $35 crude price simply does not
reflect how rapidly the oil market could tighten in 2009…or how rapidly
prices could rise.
Western nations are now
experiencing the bow wave of a profound change in the current and future
availability of oil. Oil output from all major Western oil companies is
on an ominous decline trend. Exxon Mobil, for example, announced that
its average oil output has fallen by 614,000 barrels per day in 2008.
Western oil majors like
Exxon are finding it harder than ever to identify new prospects and
successfully complete new oil projects. BP's Thunder Horse project in
the Gulf of Mexico, for example, is finally coming online in 2008, with
an anticipated output of nearly 250,000 barrels per day. But this one
project has taken almost 20 years to complete, at a cost in excess of $6
billion.
And Chevron's recent
success with its Jack 2 project in the Gulf came at a cost of over $240
million for just one test well. And this prospect is still years away
from being a successful oil-producing prospect.
These sorts of developments
have implications far beyond the Peak Oil argument, as valid as that
thesis may be.
One of the key reasons for
the decline in oil output from major Western companies is world
politics. In the 1990s, the key strategic development in the wake of the
fall of the Berlin Wall and the decline of communism was the trend
toward globalization. Much of the world opened up to the West
figuratively, as well as literally. And the oil industry was one
beneficiary, making significant investments in unexplored or
underexplored regions from South America to the Caspian Sea.
But the key strategic
development in the first decade of the 2000s has been, arguably, the
concept of "resource nationalism." That is, in the many nations that
were formerly friendly toward Western companies, the attitudes toward
foreign investment have fundamentally changed. Western oil companies
have found themselves squeezed out of resource-rich areas.
Assertive host governments
are gaming the rules to favor their state-owned national oil companies (NOCs).
Some Western companies have experienced outright nationalizations, such
as what occurred with Exxon Mobil and ConocoPhillips in Venezuela. Other
Western companies have been shown the door through intimidation and
bullying legal tactics under the guise of "tax laws" or "environmental
enforcement," such as what happened with Shell Oil Co. at its Sakhalin
project in Russia.
Even Brazil has flashed its
nationalistic teeth to foreign investment. Recently, Brazil withdrew
numerous areas from prospective lease sales after it became apparent
that the odds of finding oil were quite good. Why not just save it for
Petrobras?
The traditional model of
resource development, in which Western companies obtain legal title and
control over oil and gas deposits in the ground, is becoming
increasingly NON-traditional.
As recently as the late
1970s, Western oil companies controlled well over half of the world's
oil production. But now the NOCs - such as Saudi Aramco, National
Iranian Oil Co., Kuwait Oil Co., Petroleos de Venezuela, Petroleos
Mexicanos (Pemex), etc. - control over 85% of the world's oil resources.
Western majors control only about 7% of the world's oil resource base.
Meanwhile, oil output from
mature regions is in decline. From the North Sea to the Alaska North
Slope, the Western oil companies are faced with lower production volumes
from their existing oil fields. And there is a much thinner book of
potential business elsewhere in the world. According to Amy Myers Jaffe,
who studies the oil business from her chair at Rice University, "This is
an industry in crisis."
This sense of crisis also
helps explain why Western oil companies are fighting to expand their
options for offshore drilling in the U.S., as well as to expand access
to areas like northern Alaska. The U.S. offshore, and other frontier
areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) are among the
few options remaining for Western oil companies.
So one key point that the
Western oil industry makes is that its resource base and reserves are in
decline. And over the medium to long term, this means that the economic
importance of the Western companies will erode. Despite any plans or
efforts at conservation and efficiency, as well as a large-scale shift
to alternative energy sources, the Western world will become
increasingly dependent on NOCs for oil.
In other words, when you
combine the oil market's geological condition with the oil market's
geopolitical condition, the odds tilt toward much higher oil prices.
Joel's Note:
Lots of things happen when oil prices go up. People start demanding
smaller, more economical cars, for instance, and poor gas station
attendants cop more misguided abuse than usual from angry customers.
More importantly for readers of Byron's Energy & Scarcity Investor
research service, alternative energies start to look attractive again.
Byron has a bunch of companies (including
this one ) in his portfolio which stand to deliver his
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only question is, do you want to buy them now, while they're beaten
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[Rude Endnote:
While markets in the world's largest economy rested for President's Day
yesterday, the second-largest economy was busy announcing the biggest
slowdown in 35 years. Japan, home to the world's oldest population,
watched its economy shrink at an annual rate of 12.7% for the final
quarter of 2008. Most Asian and European markets continued to sink today
as Japan's bombshell soured traders' sentiments about the severity of
the crisis.
Japan's Nikkei 225 fell
1.35% today while Hong Kong's Hang Seng index plunged 3.8%. The Aussie
All Ordinaries finished the session 1.4% down.
Markets in England, France
and Germany were all down about 1.5% on the day last we checked (about
three minutes ago).
All this was god news for
gold, of course. The precious metal rocketed up another $20 overnight
and now sits at around $963 per ounce. Oil remains at $37 a barrel.
Futures on most U.S.
indexes, meanwhile, point to a much lower open...just in time for Obama
to sign his $787 billion stimulus bill into law.
And on that note we'll
say...