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Eric Fry, a 9-iron away from Bear
Stearns (former) headquarters, reports...
"Are you gentlemen enjoying your stay?" The
jovial manager of a four-star Manhattan hotel asked your editor and his
friends as they sipped complimentary martinis.
"Yes indeed," your editor replied. "Your hotel
is wonderful. Thanks!"
"My pleasure," the manager smiled. "Are you
here for business or pleasure?"
"Business," your editor replied, "but visiting
New York is always a pleasure. This reception you are hosting is very
nice. Do you do this all the time, or is business just slow?"
"Well," the manager shrugged, "business is
down across all of our hotels in Manhattan. When the finance industry
isn't doing so well, we aren't doing so well either."
"That's understandable... and your hotel is
only three blocks from Bear Stearns headquarters. Are the troubles at
Bear hurting you?"
"Absolutely! Those Bear Stearns folks used to
spend big... really big," the manager reminisced wistfully. "So this
Bear thing is going to hurt."
"What about foreign visitors?" Your editor
inquired.
"Strong," said the manager. "They're the
reason our business is only down a little bit. The foreigners are
flooding in here. And a lot of them just come to shop. I've got guests
from London who come in from time to time and they tell me that they can
buy things here in Manhattan for half what they cost in London. I see
these guests arrive with one suitcase and leave with three."
"So maybe you should start selling luggage in
the lobby," your editor suggested.
"I've thought about it," he laughed, "or maybe
in the minibar."
Armed with this one, little-bitty morsel of
insight, your editor began to construct a grandiose hypothesis – full of
sweeping generalizations, unsubstantiated assertions and blind
prejudices. Despite all of these dubious inputs, your editor produced a
very plausible output: Because the U.S. economy must de-lever, it will
struggle to grow. (A corollary would be that many leveraged entities –
both corporate and individual – will fail).
The testimony of one lone hotel manager does
not provide an open-and-shut case against the US economy, but it does
provide some incriminating evidence.
The hotel manager did not merely note that
business had slowed, he noted that business had slowed RECENTLY. He also
mentioned that the lost business was free-spending business – i.e.,
fat-margin business. Lastly, he admitted that the increased foreign
traffic through his hotel's marble lobby had not entirely compensated
for the reduced domestic traffic.
Is this hotel manager's anecdote aberrational
or representative? That's the $14 trillion question – this sum being the
approximate size of US GDP. If the answer be "aberrational," let every
investor buy call options on the US dollar and US financial stocks. But
if some version of the hotel manager's anecdote would echo across the
land, let every investor shun the US dollar and US financial stocks.
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--------------------------------------------
Payback Time
By Eric J. Fry
Never in the history of the vibrant US economy
have so many owed so much in so many different ways. So now that credit
is fleeing from the U.S. economy like finance CEOs from responsibility,
the economy is certain to struggle. Slumping home values won't help.
Get ready for the "Era of De-Leveraging."
The U.S. economy is leveraged...too leveraged,
which is not a good thing to be when credit becomes scarce. Without
fresh access to borrowed capital, a leveraged entity will struggle to
survive...and often perish. (Bear Stearns illustrates the point).
Leverage is a bipolar financial creature.
During boom times, it provides delicious pleasures. But when economic
activity contracts, leverage breaks out a whip and doles out misery.
Here in the 50 States of America, the whip-cracking/misery stage has
arrived...and the U.S. economy is ill-prepared for the abuse. The US
economy, led by its imprudent financial sector, is
over-leveraged...painfully over-leveraged.
Even using generous assumptions about the
value of assets on bank balance sheets, the leaders of the US financial
sector owe $40 for every dollar of assets they own. And let's not forget
WHAT they own: bad loans, impaired derivatives, and a "Love Canal" of
complex financial assets that carry mark-to-imagination pricing. And
let's not forget either that even after all the Fed's regulation-bending
bailouts and desperate rate cuts and backroom M&A deals, the US
financial sector is still carrying about twice the leverage it carried
three years ago and about triple the leverage it carried one decade ago.
So what's the point?
Just this: All bubbles deflate... and
America's credit bubble will be no different.
The "Era of Excess Leverage" perished sometime
last summer; the Era of De-leveraging has arrived. This new era will be
much less fun than its predecessor.
During the last five years, American finance
companies and individuals embarked on a frenzied borrowing binge. They
levered-up big time. The banks and brokerage companies leveraged
themselves to better fulfill their corporate mandate: maximizing returns
to management. And individuals leveraged themselves to add square
footage, leased SUVs and Himalayan yoga retreats to the standard-issue
American dream.
That was lots of fun.
But now, home prices are falling, which means
that the prices of the mortgage-backed exotica littering bank balance
sheets are also falling. Therefore, leveraged banks and individuals
must now de-lever, which will be no fun at all.
As America de-levers, the American economy
will certainly stumble. Banks will sell whatever they can sell –
including parts of themselves – to raise cash. Individuals will sell
whatever they can sell – including the roofs over their heads – to raise
cash. The weakest members of both contingents will go bankrupt, which
will further depress prices of the assets that the leveraged survivors
will still be trying to sell.
Best case, dear investor, asset values will
continue grinding lower. More likely, asset values will drop rapidly,
as credit drains from the economy. This process of credit contraction
is almost certain to hobble economic growth and to imperil the survival
of every leveraged financial institution and individual.
Contracting credit annihilated Bear Stearns in
less than one week. Contracting credit will invite similar hardships
upon the entire US economy, notwithstanding the Federal Reserve's
desperate maneuvers to prevent them. No doubt, the Fed will continue
combating the credit contraction with an endless barrage of rate cuts,
bailouts and "temporary" loans. But immediate victory seems improbable.
The forces of deleveraging are simply too large and too powerful...and
these forces have already gathered considerable momentum.
Therefore, in the new era that has just begun,
many investments will struggle. But do not despair; the Federal Reserve
has wrapped a bow around the commodity sector. Ben Bernanke's gift to
investors will be an unimaginably robust and durable commodity rally.
Yes, there will be large, severe selloffs in this sector, but the Fed's
frenetic efforts to "save the markets" have set in motion an
inflationary storm surge that seems likely to drown the US dollar, while
whisking commodity prices to much higher ground.
Oil is the new dollar. By extension, so is
wheat...and cocoa...and aluminum. "I have the growing sense that paper
money - any paper money - isn't a good store of value," observes Dan
Denning, editor of the Australian Daily Reckoning. "I think investors
are realizing that they can't move their wealth from one currency to
another and preserve it...so they are doing the next best
thing...trading paper wealth for claims on tangible assets."
Meanwhile, demand for commodities continues to
swamp supply. So the commodity sector looks like a pretty friendly place
for investors, despite the ever-present risk of severe selloffs. But the
investor who tries to avoid these short-term selloffs could easily miss
a very long-term bull market. In other words, today's commodity markets
might resemble the S&P 500 of August 1987, but probably not the S&P of
March 2000.
I don't "know" anything, of course. I'm just
guessing that commodities are still a "buy." Therefore, my historical
frame of reference for today's commodity market is not the S&P 500 of
1987 or of 2000; it is the S&P of 1994.
In February 1994, the S&P 500 had more than
doubled off of its 1987 lows and seemed very richly priced at about 25
times earnings, especially considering the fact that Greenspan had just
initiated a new tightening cycle. Over the next 12 months, the Fed Funds
rate DOUBLED from 3% to 6%.
So what happened next?
The stock market sold off just like it was
"supposed to"...for about 9 months. The S&P slumped about 10%. But then
the market spent the next six years skyrocketing. From its 1994 peak to
its 2000 peak, the S&P would TRIPLE. The Nasdaq would soar 7-fold over
the same timeframe.
In other words, I think it's too early to be a
seller of commodities.
Sell the financials and buy commodities...once more with feeling.
---- Investing in the Era of "Peak
Everything" ----
Oil hit a new record high... Gas
could soon be $4 a gallon... silver, wheat, corn, you name it — all the
"resources" of daily life are soaring in price!
Yet there's a way to protect yourself and
profit in the days ahead...
Join Us in Vancouver in July for an Exclusive
Look at...
A View From The Peak: Seeking Profits in a Time of Risk and Scarcity
.
--------------------------------------------
[Joel's Note: If you would
like to weigh in on the great commodity debate, send your thoughts to
the address below.
We'll be back next week with more Rude
thoughts but, until then...
Cheers,